Project Ideas

Power generation using Wind turbine Kites

2012-01-23T00:39:00.000-08:00

Benjamin Franklin is reputed to have attached a metal key to the bottom of a dampened kite string and flown the kite in a storm-threatened sky.A succession of sparks jumping from the key to the back of his hand showed that lightning was indeed electrical in nature.Never, he had imagined that same kite would be used to generate electricity on its own.

We all know about traditional windmills.Whenever, I saw windmills ,I know, there is lot of scope in designing improvement. But, before Makani Power , I had never imagined, that improvement would be of that sort which changes windmills altogether.With Makani Team's great imagination and innovation with funds from US Government and Google.Org, power can be generated using kites connected through wire from the base.

These types of wind turbines are known as Airborne Wind Turbines.An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine that is supported in the air without a tower.Airborne wind turbines may operate in low or high altitudes; they are part of a wider class of airborne wind energy systems (AWE) addressed by high-altitude wind power.

This project would be a great milestone for Aeronautical , Mechanical and Electrical engineering students and I would strongly recommend you to study more about what Makani Power is trying to achieve and about their concept.

The Makani team has achieved a significant milestone in the pursuit of inexpensive renewable energy during a recent flight of its latest prototype, Wing 7. Wing 7 has a wing span of 8 meters, weighs 58.4 kg and has a rated power of 20 kW.

Build Self Balancing Bicycle and Uni cycles

2012-01-15T23:23:00.000-08:00

In today's world it is easier to imagine Robots walking or crawling but it would be much be much better if they can ride a bicycle! . This is possible in various ways but the only solution which pumps in my mind is Self Balancing Bicycles.A self-powered unicycle that balances itself in three dimensions, is an interesting problem in robotics and control theory.The concept is similar to what we use in Segway.

IIT Madras studenst tried to build self balancing , self driven bicycle as there final year project (shown in Video below).It would be great project idea for students of Robotic and Mechanical Engineering.

How much it costs?
All together the components, in single unit retail quantities, cost about $1500. They are:

A microcontroller board from BDMicro featuring the Atmel AVR Mega 128. $125.
A gyroscope and acceleromoter by Rotomotion. $149.
The OSMC motor controller by Robot Power. $199.
40 NIMH cells, made into nice packs by Robot Marketplace. $218.
A Magmotor S28-150. $299
The Whyachi TWM3M gearbox. $345.
A 16-inch bicycle rim with spokes. $35 from your local bike shop. 100 psi tire, which makes turning slightly easier.
A custom-machined hub.
A GT2 5 mm pitch belt, and 28 and 72-tooth pulleys.$21, $26 and $14.
Some 1" diameter tubing, TIG-welded together. $40
A guard for the upper pulley, machined from black Acetal plastic.
Some spacer bushings to center the wheel.
A combination dead man's switch and key. $12.
A unicycle seat. $24.

How to build your own?

Building a Balancing Scooter

Related Links:

Watch Self Balancing Motorbike on How Stuff Works Video section.

Autonomous Underwater Robot Vehicle

2012-01-10T08:21:00.000-08:00

An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is a robot which travels underwater without requiring input from an operator.AUVs carry sensors to navigate autonomously and map features of the ocean. Typical sensors include compasses, depth sensors, side scan and other sonars, magnetometers, thermistors and conductivity probes.

University of Florida robotics engineering students developed a robot Subjugator , which can to swim through underwater tubes without a remote control.

Uses :

These vehicles are used in underwater research because of their ability to work autonomously. They do not require guidance from humans despite having a capability to swim in dangerous underwater.They can collect data and material from deep inside the sea which can later be used in various research activities.

Useful Link :
Lego AUV

Related Book :
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles: Modeling, Control Design and Simulation(Buy from Amazon)
Project Report on AUR

Things required to build this project :
Lego Mindstorms Kit: $200
Pelican Case: $7
Propellers: $3
Waterproofing Supplies: $2
TOTAL $212

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Power Transmission without Wires

2012-01-06T08:59:00.000-08:00

Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without artificial interconnecting conductors. Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or impossible.

Tesla discovered that electrical energy can be transmitted through the earth and the atmosphere. In the course of his research he successfully lit lamps at moderate distances and was able to detect the transmitted energy at much greater distances.

Uses :
Phones are now an integral component in the daily lives of people. Smartphones give access to movies, internet, and even books. This versatility and increased use can also lead to a shorter battery life. A phone with video viewing capabilities will be a heavy load on the unit’s battery. With phones utilizing 3G and 4G technology, even heavier demands are placed on the battery. As technology improves even further to provide for a larger entertainment experience on the phone, this could also lead to further battery degradation if the current battery situation isn’t addressed. To have a fully operational phone throughout the day, a wireless energy transfer car charger can be utilized.

Related PDF :
Recharge laptops and cellphones.
Power transmission to moving vehicles.

Related Video :

Prosthesis:Low cost artificial leg

2011-12-27T23:35:00.001-08:00

Prosthetic limb is an artificial device extension that replaces a missing body part. It is part of the field of bio mechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control lost by trauma, disease, or defect.

In this world there are many people who have some kind of disability.Engineers are working day and night to make artificial limbs which works like a normal leg and controlled by human brain. Even though they are successful in building these limbs,but in developing world there are plenty who can't afford there ultramodern limbs because of its high cost.

The project is to develop a low cost artificial leg for the poor amputees which includes the light weight and high comfort features of the artificial legs which are at the high end of this market.You will need mechanical people from these area of expertise before you start working on this project :

1.CAD CAM—computer-assisted design, computer-assisted manufacture—of prostheses
2.Laser imaging to define wounds and abnormalities to then be fitted with prostheses and
3.Development of new materials, including plastics incorporating carbon fibers that are much stronger than previous plastics.

Related Documents :

Artificial limbs wired direct to the brain (pdf)
Natural vs Artificial(ppt)
Thought control Artificial limb

Bicycle powered Cell phone charger

2011-12-19T23:11:00.000-08:00

Mobile Phone has become very effective tool in modern world mode of communication.Even in Developing countries like kenya(as shown in video below) it is easily accessible(thanks to china's cheap manufacturing) and airtel(cheap phone calls) mobile is within the reach of poor, but problem is how to charge a phone without a supply of electricity. In Kenya and other developing countries in Africa, charging a phone is big challenge because electricity is still a distant future for them..

People needs to travel long distances from there home to get there phone charged from paid kiosks.To solve this problem , mechanical engineering students of Kenya has taken a initiative to make pedal powered charger which generate enough electricity to charge basic mobile device.

Requirements:

1. Bicycle dynamo with a good quality clamp to hold it

2. A voltage regulator consists of a rectifier to convert the up and down un-steady AC to a DC, a capacitor to level out the DC voltage and produce a steady inflow voltage to the voltage regulator and then the voltage regulator which allows only a steady 5 volts going into the cell phone. It helps us to allow right amount of voltage for cell phone(5 V and 0.008 A), with a metallic casing to protect it from harsh weather.

3. A cell phone case with Velcro straps to hold it to the bike frame or handle bars.
Useful link :

Pedal Powered Phone Charger

Related Video :

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Man Powered Helicopter

2011-12-05T00:55:00.001-08:00

A human-powered helicopter is a helicopter designed to carry at least one person but limited to using only what power is provided by the person(s) on board, usually by pedalling. A high power-to-weight ratio is needed as in all helicopters. Such aircraft must be light and must have efficient rotary wings. Efficiency for human powered purposes means that the rotors must generate great lift but cause little drag, because drag consumes power.

Useful Links :
Yuri 1st
Human Powered Helicopters Organization
CNET Human powered Helicopter gets off the ground
Related PDF :

Developments in Human Powered Helicopter

Related Video :

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Balloon Popping Machines

2011-12-01T19:06:00.001-08:00

This project is for 6th grade kids but parental guidance is very important. You have already seen this project in many movies and I am sure you got amazed while watching it.

How to build our own?

It is not as difficult as it appears , but to get desired results and trajectory, patience is required. It works on the concept of hit and trial method because exact trajectory of a ball would be difficult to analyze.

Java based balloon popping ?

http://scratch.mit.edu/projects/cheddargirl/666347

Pelton wheel Project

2011-11-29T01:10:00.001-08:00

The Pelton wheel is an impulse turbine which is among the most efficient types of water turbines.The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse (momentum) of moving water, as opposed to its weight like traditional overshot water wheel.Older turbines used water power inefficiently.The shape of Pelton turbine made it more efficient.

Useful links :

Calculations for my Pelton wheel turbine
Pelton Turbine Manual (1.6 MB)

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Build your own Wind Turbine

2011-11-25T22:20:00.001-08:00

A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy.This turbine can be used for many purposes such as producing electricity,grinding grain or pumping water.

In this project we are talking about how we can use it to produce electricity.

Instruction guide PDF :
Build your own wind turbine

Concept :

Electricity is generated by the movement of a loop of wire, or disc of copper between the poles of a magnet and this movement would be produced by our wind turbine.

Things to know :

Nearly every electric generator has a starter and a rotor. The rotor, a magnet, is placed inside the start and rotates there.If you want first build electric generator using method given here and then connect it with our wind turbine.

Wind Turbine based on Instruction guide above :

More info about the video

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Pedal Powered Washing Machine

2011-11-24T02:34:00.001-08:00

A washing machine is a machine designed to wash laundry, such as clothing, towels and sheets.Generally these machines has been powered by electrical energy but pedal powered machine runs with our energy.

Pedal powered washing machines can be very useful for rural places in developing countries where electricity is out of reach. Moreover , in developed countries too ,it can be used to save electricity and getting some work out.

Concept :

It is based on very simple concept.This machines has pedals which are connected with steel ring inside the drum or box. When we cycle pedals to revolve the ring inside the drum with clothes and detergent ,it started to work like any electric machine as shown in Video below.

Related Video :

Maya Pedal :

Innovative India :

Talking Robots with Lego Mindstorms

2011-11-22T11:01:00.001-08:00

From the days of "Small Wonder" TV show , I always wanted to have one robot which can talk and response just like human.To build one as Robotic Project is really interesting. This project is going to be very interesting and challenging because our robot requires not only speak capability but should have artificial intelligence to learn from its surroundings.

Architecture for talking robots consists of four main modules:

Dialogue system
Speech client with speech recognition and synthesis capabilities
Module for infrared communication between the PC and the RCX and
the program that runs on the RCX itself.

Useful PDF:

Talking Robots With LEGO MindStorms

Related Video :

Ball Sorting Mindstorms Lego Project

2011-11-22T10:10:00.001-08:00

Ball sorting project is interesting one because it helps you to understand various important concepts of Robotics such as finding distance of objects , recognizing them , pick and drop them and things like that.

Useful Links :

Sort the Ball
NXT Sensors

Hardware Requirement :

Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 which includes :

Ultrasonic sensor
Touch sensors: Lets the robot react to touch
Servo motors: Allows the robot to interact with the environment
NXT Brick: The programmable core that reads the sensors and controls the motors and things many more. You can buy it from any online store including amazon.com

Software Requirement :

NXT-G : is a graphical programming environment that comes bundled with the NXT. With careful construction of MyBlocks to encapsulate complexity, NXT-G can be used for real-world programming.

Complete Instruction and Details at Robin Newman's Page

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Business project ideas

2011-11-21T08:03:00.001-08:00

Thinking of starting a new venture and don't know how? This same problem has been faced by many of us. Starting a business looks difficult initially but it is not a rocket science. Fundamentals of business has not changed from centuries. Even though , we are living in a technology world and sometime feels that we need to think out of the box for running successful business , but in real life, we do not. In this post we will discuss about some really good ideas.Remember , starting a business is not a big deal but running it successfully requires dedication and determination.

There are lot of businesses you can do but I will suggest ideas which can be implemented with minimum or no costing at all.Look around and pick something you are passionate about :

Part Time Work having Potential to become full time :

1.Start a blog: This doesn't look like a business , but it is really good option with no investment.Wanna write one , start with blogger.com

2.Write a book: Yes, you don't need to be perfect for writing a book. Just start doing it write one page a day.Its really fun and you will able to complete at least 200 pages at the end of a year.

3.Education Consultant: Do research about education environment, colleges , admission procedure and stuff like that and provide paid consultancy for that.

4.Property Dealer : Help sellers and buyers to get right kind of property and get hefty commission for that.

Businesses with Investment :

Event Management Company : You can start your own event management company , which organize events such as marriages in your city.Hire some quality people from this field, they bring experience as well as contacts for you.

Distribution ship : Get distribution ship of any reputed company with minimum presence in your city. If its possible find some new companies in the market whom you believe to get bigger by time. Advantage of associating with new company is that you will get good share in profit with minimum competition including help from the companies administration.

Auction Website like Ebay : You can start your own auction site like ebay.With the open source community around it doesn't cost much,just download auction site code from sites like sourceforge.

Restaurant : If you love cooking and have something special in that, you can start your own restaurant.For a start, you can serve only selected dishes and as word of mouth spread you can add more food items later.

Fruit and Vegetable : This business requires big chunk of land and time. Grow fruits or vegetable with working partnership with experienced local farmer. Use best technology available to make this business profitable such as Sprinklers, Drip Irrigation or Bird Scarer.

Business of Finance: This requires lot of money but you can arrange it with profit sharing basis with money lender. To run this business successfully you can ask your customer for some security like gold.

Packers and Movers: People often face difficulty to shift there offices or homes from one place to another.You can become there helping hand.

Importer : If you have good market sense , you can import cheap foreign goods from developing country like China and sell it to the shopkeepers.

Useful Links:

Small Business America
Department of Business and Innovation Skills
Business Knowledge Resource Online

Tricycle powered by pedals and electricity

2011-11-20T21:33:00.001-08:00

Tricycle which is powered by electricity would be very helpful for people who use cycles in there daily life. It would not only increase speed of the cycle but also helps them in paddling.

Concept :

Concept of this project is same as many electric vehicles we discussed before in Automobile Projects. It is powered by motor which is connected with battery that is charged with regular electricity available at home.
If you want , you can use some solar plates in vehicle itself to charge its batteries.

Why Tricycles?
There are many advantages in using tricycle :

It is lighter than any vehicle around
It can be used to carry more than one person
There are pedals so dependence on electricity is not as much as motor bike.
Enough space to place large battery.

Related Video :

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Mechanical Stair Climbing Robot

2011-11-19T22:25:00.001-08:00

Stair Climbing Robots : Modern day robot needs to do extraordinary things in extraordinary circumstances. In a fire fighting time, there is time when it needs to climb stairs on its own , not only climb but find out when to climb and when to move forward.

To achieve that ,we need to design our robot in such a way that it can move forward as well as climb stairs easily. To achieve that , engineers use various techniques similar to innovative wheel design as shown in video.

Related PDF :

Stair Climber
Autonomous Stair Climbing

Related Video :

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PLC automatic Bottle Filling Machine

2011-11-18T19:47:00.001-08:00

Importance of Bottle filling is realized by us when we see how many bottle we use in our daily life. Bottles are everywhere from cold drink to beer ,toilet cleaner to medicine etc etc.These bottle is filled with the help of filling machine without which it would have very difficult task. This project is about these machines.

This project is for both mechanical and electronics student because it has properties of both.
Related PDF and Docs :

Design of a Bottling Line Mechanism ( 4 MB )

Micro controller used in bottle filling plant(4.2 MB)

Useful things to know :

PLC :
A programmable logic controller (PLC) or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures. PLCs are used in many industries and machines.

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Mindstorm autonomous navigation robot

2011-11-17T22:23:00.001-08:00

Auburn University students build a Robot capable of Autonomous navigation.In any robotics project, correct navigation plays very vital role and this project helps you out to solve this particular problem.

Useful things to know:

Lab View :

LabVIEW is a tool for engineering students to speed up there production. It helps you to control applications with its build in libraries and drivers.

Ultrasonic Ranging Sensor :

Transceivers work on a principle similar to radar or sonar which evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves respectively. Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor. Sensors calculate the time interval between sending the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object.

Light Sensor :

A photoelectric sensor, or photo eye, is a device used to detect the distance, absence, or presence of an object by using a light transmitter, often infrared, and a photoelectric receiver. They are used extensively in industrial manufacturing.

Beacon Light :

A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location.And in this project it is used to attract attention of light sensor connected with small motor on robot's head.

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Can Crusher Experiment

2011-11-16T05:17:00.001-08:00

Can crushing is very important to reuse aluminum in these cans. Moreover this contribute to significantly lower the waste management problem. These can crusher can be made to work mechanically so that no electricity is needed to crush them.

Why can crushing project is important?

Process of can crushing is very complex now. Every one throw there waste including cans to the dustbin, from there it is collected to throw in a city garbage area. Waste management people collect each can from there manually. And then these cans go for recycling in a big crusher. This whole process takes large amount of time and energy. We can reduce this problem if we crush them manually or with little electricity and then use them or sell them to aluminum buyers.

Useful Links :

Plasma Dynamic Can Crusher : A 100 micro-Farad capacitor is charged up to 10 kV which discharges through a 3 turn copper coil upon triggering the spark gap switch. The magnetic field thus produced in the coil is so strong that any soda can, within the coil, will be crushed.

Related Video :
Mechanical Can Crusher

Homemade Can Crusher :

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pneumatic vacuum cleaner

2011-11-15T07:56:00.000-08:00

Pneumatic or pneumatic vacuum cleaners are a specialized form of models that hook up to compressed air. They commonly can accommodate both wet and dry soilage, a useful feature in industrial plants and manufacturing facilities.

Important things to know :

Compressed air is air which is kept under a certain pressure, usually greater than that of the atmosphere.This air pressure is controlled using pressure regulator which is a valve that automatically cuts off the flow of a liquid or gas at a certain pressure. Regulators are used to allow high-pressure fluid supply lines or tanks to be reduced to safe and/or usable pressures for various applications.

Useful PDF :

Pneumatic Systems

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Pipe Inspection Robot

2011-11-14T21:05:00.001-08:00

Pipes are everywhere in various sizes. It is very difficult to do there maintenance manually and there is need of efficient engineering solutions so that cleaning of pipes can be done automatically with there maintenance.

In this project you develop robots which can be used for the purpose of inspection and maintenance of pipes.

Related PDF :

Development of mobile mini robots for in pipe inspection (650 KB)

Design of a fully autonomous mobile pipeline exploration robot

Related Video :

Main purpose of Mechanical project given below is to locate defects due to corrosion and obstacle at the inner side of the pipe line.

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Pedal operated power generating system

2011-11-13T19:18:00.001-08:00

Pedal powered system can be used to recharge your cell phones, laptops or to power your camping outside. This is just a start but in future if it gets implemented in local exercise parlor and in every bicycle in a optimized way , it can produce electricity on large scale. Moreover , this method used successfully in recent wall street demonstration.

Things to know :

Alternator : An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current.

Alternators generate electricity using the same principle as DC generators, namely, when the magnetic field around a conductor changes, a current is induced in the conductor. Typically, a rotating magnet, called the rotor turns within a stationary set of conductors wound in coils on an iron core, called the stator. The field cuts across the conductors, generating an induced EMF (electromotive force), as the mechanical input causes the rotor to turn.

Inverter : An inverter is an electrical device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current.

Related Video :

With the help of an alternator, mountain bike and an inverter, we can run a human-powered 220 Watt food processor as shown below :

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Cellphone Detector

2011-11-12T20:25:00.001-08:00

Cell phone detectors are used to detect cell phones comes into its range. It is very useful device in security campuses where cell phones are not allowed. Now days, It can be used at places like movie halls and theaters where mobile phones are banned.

Useful Links :
Amazing all band receiver
Cell phone detection

Related PDF :

Summary of Emissions Testing for Cell Phone Detector
Study of Cellular Phone Detection Technique

Circuit Diagram of video given below

Robotic Crane Projects

2011-11-10T21:52:00.001-08:00

Robotic Crane is very useful project because it would speed up the construction process all over the world. Today, when cranes are controlled manually , it takes time to adjust crane position, to control its swing and to drop the object at correct position. After introduction of automatic cranes things would become much easier.

Related PDF :

Developments toward an Autonomous Robotic Crane for Automated Steel Construction

Anti-swing Control of a Suspended Varying Load with a Robotic Crane

Useful Information :

Lego Mindstorms : Project showing below pick up legos in a bucket, spin 180, drop them, and then spin back 180 degrees to go pick up more, and the repeat.

Images taken by Michael Neisius while building a Robotic Crane

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Lego Mind storms Robotic Crane

Robotic Crane

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Real Time Sorting Machine

2011-11-09T19:48:00.000-08:00

It is Candy sorting machine built in LEGO. It is using Java Optimized Processor which is mounted on LRBJOP board.It is using tilt-tray sorter method.

Why Real Time Sorting used?
A tilt-tray sorter is a high-speed, continuous-loop sortation conveyor that uses a technique of tilting a tray at a chute to slide the object into the chute. It is used to expedite the process of Order fulfillment to consolidate line items of an order, and to process returned products for immediate updating of inventory in real time.

Helpful Resources :

Java Optimized Processor :

The unit controlling the LEGO motors and sensors is Java Optimized Processor (JOP). JOP is a Java processor, an implementation of Java Virtual Machine (JVM) in hardware.JOP executes Java Byte-code with precise timing constraints for each instruction, enabling execution time and scheduling verification.
Click here for JOP Design website

Uppaal :
Implementation has been modeled and verified using Uppaal. Uppaal is an integrated tool environment for modeling, validation and verification of real-time systems modeled as networks of timed automata, extended with data types (bounded integers, arrays etc.)

Lego PCB :

LEGO PCB is a robotics invention system of the LEGO Group. It was intended for children, but it turned out to be a great toy for adults, too. It combines electric components like sensors and actuators with Lego bricks and Lego Technical parts, such as gears, wheels and axles, to build robots and other automated or interactive systems.

Made by: Petur Olsen, Thomas Bøgholm, and Henrik Kragh-Hansen

Related Video :

Escalator Compatible Wheel Chair

2011-10-07T05:29:00.000-07:00

People who use Wheel Chairs , always face difficulty using escalators. Students at Illinois Institute of technology find solution of this problem by designing this chair in different way. Wheel Chair developed by them can be used at escalators.

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Mini Scooter

2011-10-01T23:38:00.000-07:00

Mini Scooter is good and practical project for mechanical students. Moreover, it can be build using the materials which are available easily.

By building scooter , you will understand the how it works and also what are the difficulties engineers face while building two wheeler. I would suggest you to go one step further by building it green. Green means scooter which runs on compress air or solar or any form of energy which is less polluting then existing one.

While building this project , I would suggest you to focus only on its functioning and less on looks or its design malfunctions. Because designing is altogether different field , it needs different approach and time which we can do later after building our mini scooter.

Related link :

BWD Scooter

I don't know whether the video given below is homemade or not but I found it interesting to post here:

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Optimization of Wind Turbine Blades

2011-09-27T23:06:00.000-07:00

Wind turbine design is the process of defining the form and specifications of a wind turbine to extract energy from the wind.A wind turbine installation consists of the necessary systems needed to capture the wind's energy, point the turbine into the wind, convert mechanical rotation into electrical power, and other systems to start, stop, and control the turbine.Windmill Kites is one of the best example about what design improvement can do.

In 1919 the physicist Albert Betz showed that for a hypothetical ideal wind-energy extraction machine, the fundamental laws of conservation of mass and energy allowed no more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy of the wind to be captured. According to Betz's law, no turbine can capture more than 59.3 percent of the kinetic energy in wind. The ideal or maximum theoretical efficiency n max (also called power coefficient) of a wind turbine is the ratio of maximum power obtained from the wind to the total power available in the wind. The factor 0.593 is known as Betz's coefficient. It is the maximum fraction of the power in a wind stream that can be extracted.

power coefficient = Cp =( power output from wind machine) / (power available in wind )

Design is vital for any wind mill to function well and efficiently. If we can improve its design , power generated by windmill would increase significantly.

This project idea is for students interested in CAD. They should try to design most optimum wind turbine blades. In the video given below , I have shown you one such design.

Related Video:

Related PDF:
Rochester Institute

Projects:
Mechanical Projects
Windmill Power generation System

Manufacturing Project Ideas

2011-09-26T21:35:00.000-07:00

Manufacturing is a process to develop products for self use or sell. This process is largely associated with the industries which we called manufacturing industries.

There are many projects which you can do as a student of this field to improve efficiency , lowering raw material wastages and making things green.

I am discussing some of these ideas below :

1.Thermodynamic Analysis of Manufacturing Processes Engineering

2.Applications for the Plastics Industry

Plastic industry manufactures and sell polymers in various shapes and sizes. They are used in construction of bridges, buildings and roads.
Many house hold goods are also made up of plastic.

3.Green and Efficient Materials :

Green Manufacturing

4.Use of Waste Resources

5.Reducing waiting time for individual product.

6.Lead time reduction and capacity increase strategy in coil manufacturing for electric motors

Useful Links:

Planning Process in Manufacturing Systems

Related:

Mechanical Projects

Biomechanics Projects

2011-09-25T07:55:00.000-07:00

Biomechanics is the study of the structure and function of biological systems by means of the methods of mechanics.It is very important branch of science and also very helpful to the athletes who participate in Olympics.

Bio Mechanical Project Ideas:

Effect of obesity on Walk of humans : you can study the effect of obesity on human body. When weight of the body increases, it can cause change to our walking habit. You can study about this topic.

Design human body parts : In a year millions of people around the world lose there one or more part of their body due to accident or natural disasters. We can help those individual by developing these for them.

Design robots bio mechanically : If you have ever build robot, you know that designing them is very difficult task , you can take help of human or animal body dynamics in their design.

Instrumentation design projects

Related :
Mechanical Projects

Microbial fuel cell

2011-09-24T21:57:00.000-07:00

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) or biological fuel cell is a bio-electrochemical system that drives a current by mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature.A microbial fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of microorganisms.

According to BBC Science and Environment ,US researchers say they have demonstrated how cells fueled by bacteria can be "self-powered" and produce a limitless supply of hydrogen.Microbial fuel cells hold promise as a new source of electricity by their unique ability to generate an electric current from waste products.

Modeling the processes in microbial fuel cells could pave the way for improving the voltage output and take us one step nearer to using these devices to produce electricity.

How Microbial Fuel Cell works?

We all needs food to survive, in the same way, bacteria need energy to survive.

Bacteria get this energy in a two-step process :

The first step requires the removal of electrons from some source of organic matter (oxidation).

The second step consists of giving those electrons to something that will accept them (reduction), such as oxygen or nitrate.

If certain bacteria are grown under anaerobic conditions (without the presence of oxygen), they can transfer electrons to a carbon electrode (anode). The electrons then move across a wire under a load (resistor) to the cathode where they combine with protons and oxygen to form water. When these electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, they generate the current and voltage to make electricity.

Related Video :

Related Projects:

Biology Projects
Botany Project Ideas
Science fair project ideas

Bending Light

2011-09-21T02:48:00.000-07:00

Objective : Study about light and what happens when it gets bend.

Refraction is the change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed. This is most commonly observed when a wave passes from one medium to another at any angle other than 90° or 0°.

Category : Physics Project Idea

Grade : 8th class students

Difficulty : Easy

Experiment :

How does light bend in sugar water :

Fish tank filled with sugar water solution (5 parts water, 1 part corn syrup) and left to settle over the weekend results in an index of refraction that varies with depth (greater at the bottom of the tank). Because of the variation in the index of refraction, light bends instead of traveling in a straight line.

Things to know :
Snell's Law : is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water and glass.

Electromagnetic Radiations : is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water and glass.

Speed of Light : 299 792 458 m / s

Sun is 150 million km 's away from earth. Can you imagine , with the speed of light , it takes only 8 minute 19 seconds to reach from sun to earth.You can measure speed of light yourself with the help of microwave. In the video given below , it has shown that how we can measure the speed of light with the help of wave formations on chocolate .

Permittivity:

Absolute permittivity is the measure of the resistance that is encountered when forming an electric field in a medium. In other words, permittivity is a measure of how an electric field affects, and is affected by, a dielectric medium. The permittivity of a medium describes how much electric field (more correctly, flux) is 'generated' per unit charge.

Optics :

Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.Optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light.

Ray Tracing: In computer graphics, ray tracing is a technique for generating an image by tracing the path of light through pixels in an image plane and simulating the effects of its encounters with virtual objects.

Fermat's Principle : Fermat's principle or the principle of least time is the principle that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. This principle is sometimes taken as the definition of a ray of light.

Related Posts :

Physics Project
School Projects
Kids Project

School Projects

2011-09-19T01:55:00.000-07:00

Biology

Ultraviolet Rays :

Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays, in the range 10 nm to 400 nm, and energies from 3 eV to 124 eV. It is named because the spectrum consists of electromagnetic waves with frequencies higher than those that humans identify as the color violet.

Useful Links :

What is ultra violet light ?

Projects :
What duration of ultra violet radiation kills bacteria ?
Modeling of these rays
What Materials Glow Under a Black or Ultraviolet Light?

Bio-Insecticides And Pesticides :

Bio pesticides and insecticides are biochemical pesticides that are naturally occurring substances that control pests by nontoxic mechanisms. Conventional pesticides, by contrast, are generally synthetic materials that directly kill or inactivate the pests.

Useful Links

Pesticides in Organic Farming
An intro to Organic Pesticides
Managing Houseplant pests

The effects of water impurities on plant growth:

It more or less depends on what type of impurities are ? If impure water has harmful chemicals then it will definitely affect growth of the plant. In this project you need to find out about the impurities which harm plants as well as those from which plant started to grow faster.

Useful links :

Is it important for the greenhouse grower

Waste Water Management:

Water is one of the most important asset of human life. Even though there earth is surrounded by 70 % of water, large percentage of human population is facing problem of water shortage. With the help of effective water management we can reduce this problem with some extent.

There are two important ways for water management :

1.Waste Water Management : The process of removing contaminants from waste water and household sewage, both runoff (effluents) and domestic.
2.Industrial Water Management

Useful Links :

Presentation on Sewage Treatment
Water Management Project Video

Pocket guide for first aid:

Major damage can be avoided if proper first aid is given on time. You can create your own first aid book which has all the necessary material required by the patient.

Agriculture :

1. indigenous designs of farm machinery, agricultural implements and practices.
2. issues related to the animal health and food safety
3. ecologically sustainable farming methods
4. innovative/inexpensive/improved/ indigenous technology/conservation and
transport of agricultural and animal products and food materials.
5. rainwater harvesting and storage
6. river water sharing, efficient and equitable use.
7. application of biotechnology, microbiology, genetic engineering for improved and
high yielding varieties.

Read More

How Oil Spills effect the life of Sea Species:

In our life we have seen multiple occurrences of oil spills around us. Most recently world was shaken and shocked with the magnitude of gulf of mexico oil spill. Effect of these spills was not much on humans with respect to animals living there.

More Projects :

Microbial fuel cells

Chemistry

Sterilization of Water using Bleaching Powder:

Sodium hypo chloride is a chemical compound with the formula NaClO. Sodium hypo chloride solution, commonly known as bleach or Clorox, is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent.Sodium hypo chloride has been used for the disinfection of drinking water. A concentration equivalent to about 1 liter of household bleach per 4000 liters of water is used.This process is called Shock Chlorination . Shock chlorination is used in many swimming pools, water wells, springs, and other water sources to reduce the bacterial and algal residue in the water.

Disadvantage: Its effect on health is still widely debated.

Bio-Diesel and Bio-Petrol:

Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, propyl or ethyl) esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, animal fat (tallow)) with an alcohol.

Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted diesel engines. Biodiesel can be used alone, or blended with petrodiesel. Biodiesel can also be used as a low carbon alternative to heating oil.

Useful Links :

Biodiesel Projects
How Biodiesel Works ?
From the sewage plant ,the promise of bio fuel

Analysis of Organic Fertilizers:

Fertilizer (or fertilizer) is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin (other than liming materials) that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants.[1] A recent assessment found that about 40 to 60% of crop yields are attributable to commercial fertilizer use.

Naturally occurring organic fertilizers include manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, humic acid, and guano.Although the density of nutrients in organic material is comparatively modest, they have many advantages. The majority of nitrogen supplying organic fertilizers contain insoluble nitrogen and act as a slow-release fertilizer. By their nature, organic fertilizers increase physical and biological nutrient storage mechanisms in soils, mitigating risks of over-fertilization. Organic fertilizer nutrient content, solubility, and nutrient release rates are typically much lower than mineral (inorganic) fertilizers

Measuring Solubility of Saturated Solutions

Saturation is the point at which a solution of a substance can dissolve no more of that substance
Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent to form a homogeneous solution of the solute in the solvent. The solubility of a substance fundamentally depends on the used solvent as well as on temperature and pressure.

Study the Setting of Cement

Cement sets when mixed with water by way of a complex series of hydration chemical reactions still only partly understood. The different constituents slowly hydrate and crystallize while the interlocking of their crystals gives to cement its strength. After the initial setting, immersion in warm water will speed up setting. In Portland cement, gypsum is added as a compound preventing cement flash setting. The time it takes for cement to set varies; and can take anywhere from twenty minutes for initial set, to twenty-four hours, or more, for final set.

Some Related Topics on Cements :

Portland Cement Hydration
Environment Consideration on Cement
Use of Waste Plastic in cement Concrete

Measure the Amount of Acetic Acid in Vinegar

Acetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH. It is a colorless liquid that when undiluted is also called glacial acetic acid. Vinegar is an acidic liquid produced from the fermentation of ethanol in a process that yields its key ingredient, acetic acid (ethanoic acid). It also may come in a diluted form. The pH of table vinegar ranges from 2.4 to 3.4[1] (higher if diluted). The acetic acid concentration typically ranges from 4% to 8% by volume for table vinegar[2] and up to 18% for pickling vinegar.

More Chemistry Projects

Related PDF :

Acetic Acid Content on Vinegar
Concentration of Acetic Acid in Vinegar

Useful Links :

Know more about Acids and Basics

Maths

Statistics

Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation of data.[1][2] It deals with all aspects of this, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.

1. Mathematical models related to environment.
2. Mathematical models of heart, brain, kidney, language, bone etc.
3. computer diagnosis of human diseases.
4. probability for the accuracy of calculators and computers.
5. applications of mathematical equations used in understanding various nuclear and
sub-nuclear processes.
6. mathematical models of physical geography such as rotation and revolution of
earth etc.
7. applications of mathematical equations to biological solutions.
8. studies of storage and retrieval techniques for computer systems.
9. statistics and random number problems.

History

History Project Ideas

Geography

Hydrology Projects

Urbanization :

Large number of people are migrating towards the city to find better job. According to one estimate in 2030 around 60 % of world population would live in the city. You can make model of this project where you can show people who are migrating to cities where they are getting good jobs while leaving behind calm and peaceful life of villages.

Global Warming :

You can make project of global warming as well as how it is effecting our earth. If you want, you can explain the factors due to which global warming takes place.

Physics

Trebuchet Project

Bending Light
Working models of production of electrical energy from mechanical sources:

Windmill power Generation System
Water Turbine Power Generation
Solar Power Generator

Design of fuel-efficient or no pollution engines:

Compressed Air Cars
Air Powered Bike
Hydrogen Powered Vehicle

Design of solar heating devices :

Solar Water Heater

Projects Based on Solar Energy :

Solar Energy Projects

Mechanism of extraction, storage and processing of fossil fuels.
Principles and design of solar panels and solar still.
Renewable Energy Projects
Effects of landscaping and architecture on energy consumption.
Methods of heat retention in materials.

Physics Projects

Computer

History of Computers :

This project is for kids of class 7th or 8th. I would be very fascinating for them to know more about computer which they know now and it was when they were not even born. With this experiment they will amaze that how much computer has changed after its invention.

Computer Shop

This project is about shop management , it is very advance topic and would be recommended for 12th grade students. In this project they would made a computer shop software which keeps the data about stocks in the shop, daily sells and things like that.

Travel Agency for Class 12th

C++

Railway Ticket Reservation :

This is a software which is used as ticket windows of railway platforms. They book your ticket and allot seat for you. They need software to do things faster and this software is Railway Ticket Reservation system which keeps data of how many tickets are already booked? how many seats are remaining? what is the cost of ticket and stuff like that.

Periodic Table
Library Management System
More Computer Projects

Internal Combustion engine Project

2011-09-17T02:54:00.000-07:00

IC Engine which is also known as Internal Combustion engine are engines where combustion takes place inside the engine.It is different from external combustion engines such as Stirling engine and Steam Engines where combustion takes place outside the chamber of engine.

Projects :

Stress Analysis and Optimization of Crankshafts : The main objective of this study was to investigate weight and cost reduction opportunities for a forged steel crankshaft. The need of load history in the FEM analysis necessitates performing a detailed dynamic load analysis. Therefore, this study consists of three major sections: (1) dynamic load analysis, (2) FEM and stress analysis, (3) optimization for weight and cost reduction.

Computer Simulated Engine Performance

Useful Links :

Animation of 4 Stroke ICE
Hydrogen internal combustion engine
IC Engines simulator
detonation frequency analysis
Engine Modeling of an Internal Combustion Engine
Air Compress Car
Air Bike

Related PDF :

Rotatory Internal combustion Engines ::One of the smallest combustion engine used to power batteries.
Design and Experimental Results of Small-Scale Rotary Engines

Related Video :

Related Projects :

Stirling Engine
Mechanical Projects
Physics Project ideas

Income Tax Calcuator

2011-09-15T22:01:00.000-07:00

How this tool would be helpful?

Income tax calculator is very useful tool for every day users. Every one of us need to calculate our payable tax each year. This task become much more complicated when we have different sources of income and each has different rule from income tax department.

For Whom : This project idea is for Computer Science(CS) and Information Technology (IT)Students.

Level : Easy

How to build it ?

As always to build any software project , we will follow water fall model as you have studied in Software engineering class :

Requirement Analysis :

This is one of the most step for any computer science project. In this step we find out complete requirement for this project including customer's requirement and software requirements. Very important questions such as Why we need this particular project? Who are end users? Things like that should be answered in this step.

Database

We will database to store user information, tax rules information and stuff like that. For this project we will use Mysql as our database engine.

Which type of Application it is going to be?
We are going to make it a web application because this application needs regular updates about the IT rules and if we made desktop application , it would be extremely difficult for us to update the database of each and every customer.

With the help of web application users from different countries can use it without worrying about updating it manually because administrators of this application would keep on updating and adding new rules whenever applicable.

Programming Language:

After knowing that it is going to be web application it is easier to decide that it is going to be php application. There are two reasons behind my selection :
First, PHP is very popular language and free books and tutorials are easily available online.
Second its free, PHP is open source language so that its totally free to use and it gets updated time to time with better functionality.

I have discussed some points for our planning phase but you can add many more details in requirement analysis , because bigger it is , better your software will be.

Design :

There is going to be two sections for our income tax calculator :

Administration Section : Owner of the application can edit the income tax rules and modify the data such as rates which is necessary.

User Section : Where user can select his or her country or state, so correct tax rules can be applied for his tax form. After that there would be income form to be filled ,which eventually gives user total amount of tax to be paid.

You will need pencil and blank papers for this section , draw design of all the pages which are required , draw form , its label , specify where you need text field, radio button or combo box.

Implementation :

Download Wamp server and start working with the help of simple notepad. To code you should have good knowledge of php , read some free tutorials on internet if you don't have that.

Verification :

Software testing can be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software program/application/product:

meets the requirements that guided its design and development;
works as expected; and
can be implemented with the same characteristics.

There are three types of testing whose explanation is out of the scope of this post but you can read more about them by clicking on links below :

1.White Box Testing
2.Black Box Testing
3.Grey Box Testing.

Maintenance :

Software's are never complete there is always scope for improvement. So, our income tax calculator too needs continuous upgrade for new features and technology.

For your help you can download source code and application itself from the links below :

Income Tax Calculator :

OpenTaxSolver : Open Source Income tax calculator written in C

TaxMagic :A simple open source/free software tax calculator written in .NET

Tax Estimator :U.S. Federal personal income tax estimates using the RushTaxOS taxEngine.

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Java Project Ideas

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Php Project

Iphone Applications

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How to answers Projects

automatic parallel parking cars

2011-09-12T08:33:00.000-07:00

What is Automatic Car Parking ?

Automatic parking is an autonomous car maneuvering from a traffic lane into a parking place to perform parallel parking, perpendicular or angle parking.

What's the importance of this topic?

Parking is one of the challenging thing for humans in Car Driving. Even though , lot of solutions available for smooth and safe driving such as car collision avoidance system, but very less focus is given to the the automatic parking system till recently. Although,many cars are now available with this feature such as Toyota Prius , still there is a long way to go.

For Whom :

Mechanical, Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science , almost all branches engineering students.

Level : Difficult

It is not an uncomplicated task to build up automatic parking expertise for a car. First of all, the car must be able to sense the surroundings, to find a free parking space and to detect obstacles in the car park.
Secondly, it should have the capability to plan the movement itself from the input of sensitivity system.
Lastly, it should be able to go after the premeditated motion sequences and to make sure that a goal position is reached, regardless of noise and errors.

Useful Links

How Self Parking Works ?
Camera based intelligent parking system

Related Video :

Source Code :

Java : Vehicle Parking

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Robotics Projects

Vision Head for Bi pedal Robot

2011-09-10T04:06:00.000-07:00

In Robotics , robot head is one of the most significant part.Moreover, in head too, vision has its own importance. In this post we will discuss about both of them.

As we have eyes to see and brain to understand, robots have cameras and processor for doing the same. Camera transfer the images to CPU and CPU helps robot to understand that. It can interpret these pictures with the use of algorithms. One such algorithm is Computer Vision Algorithm. Moreover , robot head is build in a way that it gives resemblance to human head.Not only that ,many recent students are building heads which are almost look like a human head. They are also know as Android Heads(3 Mb Approx).

Robotics is combination of both hardware and software. You will need good software skills to build a useful robot. You can learn this skill by playing around with some useful programs build by open source community at Robotics Library which is Open source software for robotics students.

Useful Links :

Human Centric Robotics Group Page

Related PDF :

UBC Semantic Robot Vision System
Epipolar Geometry for Humanoid Robotic Head
Design Concept of Human like robot head

Related Video :

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Robotic Projects

Pedal powered Grinding Mill

2011-09-04T22:52:00.000-07:00

Grain grinder needs no introduction, it has a significant contribution in our life whether we have it at our home or not but we all are dependent on it for our food. This project idea is for mechanical and physics students.

There are basically two types of grinders :

1.Automatic Electric Machine driven grinder

2. Human powered grinder

Purpose: This project is based on human powered grinder. Instead of driving it by hand , we would use cycle pedals to grind wheat or other grains.

Concept: We will connect cycle wheel with grinder using different gears.By rotating wheels with the help of pedal , our pedal powered grinder starts to rotate. Remaining all the parts works as they do in traditional grinders.

Merits :

1.It will save electricity

2.Easier to maintain

3Make yourself fit.

Useful Articles:

Will bike for food

Related Video :

Compound gear reduction chain drive

Related PDF :

Portable Pedal Power

Related Projects
Mechanical Engineering Projects
Solar Energy Project Ideas
Physics Projects

Mini bio fuel gas turbine

2011-09-02T00:14:00.000-07:00

A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled to a downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between.In mini bio gas fuel turbine, we would rotate the turbing using energy of bio fuel gas.

Tiny Bio Gas generator

Biofuel is a type of fuel whose energy is derived from biological carbon fixation. Biofuels include fuels derived from biomass conversion, as well as solid biomass, liquid fuels and various bio gases.

In this project we can bio gas as a fuel.

Merits of bio gas

Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops.Moreover, bio gas has 60 % of Methane gas which can be used as productive gas to rotate a turbine. To read more about bio gas uses click here.

Concept

When we fill the dump or waste in tank , and cover it tightly to cut the supply of oxygen , bacteria starts producing methane gas inside the tank. By connecting this tank with the tube we can use this methane gas. In this project we would use this gas to generate electricity.

How it works ?

Bio Gas plant at home :

Useful PDF :

Fabrication of functional mesoscopic ceramic parts for micro gas turbine engine

Technical summary of combined power plant

Source Code :

Python : Gas Turbine Developer "gtdev" is an open source tool which assists the engineer in developing a new gas turbine (1D Thermo and Aerodynamics). It is created by the student research group "Hummingbird - TUM Gas Turbines" placed at the LFA, TU Munich

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Solar Energy Project Ideas
Biology Projects
Physics Projects

Optical Character Recognition

2011-08-25T05:35:00.000-07:00

What is OCR ?

Optical Character Recognition is a process of extracting text from images. You have noticed that whenever you scan text document ,you can't able to edit it with the help of text editor but with the help of OCR you can
do it

This technology is very important not only for editing scanned documents but for the future of automatic cars.To make a automatic driven car , car should have capability to read instructions written on the street.Moreover, this technology is used by search engines to read what is written on images.

Even though, many believes that it is a solved problem, I don't agree with them.You would not agree with them either after using some OCR software because they still not giving perfect result.

Related PDF :

Learning on the fly: a font-free approach toward multilingual OCR
Document Specific Modelling

Source Codes :

OCRopus : Open Source OCR Project sponsored by google

OCR code in MATLAB

Python :

gImageReader : A graphical GTK frontend to tesseract-ocr

Related Posts :

Computer Science Final Year Project Ideas
Electronics Project
Java Project Ideas

Python Projects
Php Project

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How to answers Projects

Design of cold storage for vegetables

2011-08-23T20:17:00.000-07:00

Food storage is both a traditional domestic skill and is important industrially. Food is stored by almost every human society and by many animals.This project is for biology students.There are many storage systems exist already in the market but it would be great if you can build solar powered vegetable storage system with the help of Solar powered air conditioner.

Concept : Basic concept of food storage is similar to refrigeration system we use in Air conditioners or Refrigerator. We use coolant which condense from vapor to liquid to get cool and evaporates from liquid to gas to provide cool air to the system.

Related PDF :

Food and Vegetable Storage
Cold Storage for Specially cut flower and plant material
Vegetable Storage for the home owner
Storage guideline for foods and vegetable

Related Presentations :

Freezing fruits and Vegetable at Home

Video : Food storage build part 1

Related Posts :

Biology Projects

iphone application ideas

2011-08-12T12:41:00.000-07:00

Why we need to develop iphone applications ?

Apple has become most valuable US Corporation surpassing Exon Mobil with market cap of $331 billion on Wednesday. This is not the only reason for developing iPhone application.

After a staggering 20.34million sales in quarter 2, Apple's iPhone has been confirmed by the IDC as the worlds' biggest selling smart phone. The smart phone market is expected to grow by 55% in 2011 and with iPhone 5 is soon to be launched,it is going to be apple devices everywhere.

With that many users there is need for more apps, it ranges from education to business, commerce to art, books to newspaper everything you can think of.

How to develop apps for apple devices?

Before going any further, some of you may ask that how can I develop app for this device. To develop iOS applications, you use Xcode, Apple’s first-class integrated development environment (IDE).Moreover, you need to learn about objective-C which is extension of ANSI C.For a start you can refer to the ios developer library. Later you download Iphone development guide course of Stanford University from here.After which, you can purchase Beginning iPhone 4 Development from apress.

Project Ideas :

Abacus : We all know abacus is very useful device and if you can develop virtual abacus for kids it would be great help.

Cross and Round Game

Sudoku:

Paint : People love to paint, no matter how many existing programs of painting, there is always room for improvement.

Blogging platform: like wordpress.org : You can develop blogging application, where user can make account and write blogs easily.

Currency converter : It can be used while traveling. People often convert currency to native one.

Scale Converters : Like Meter into kilometer

Business App : Stock Exchanges, Gold Silver Prices, Favorite Stock Details on the Go.

Astrology App

Voice Recognizer Calculator : Calculator which recognizes your voice commands and gives audio answers.

Website Reader for Blind People

Voice to Text Notepad :Where user can note down information using his voice.

There can be lot more ideas, its up to you what you really like. For engineering students of Computer and Information technology ,any of the above project would do be suitable for final semester project report.

Vocabulary Flash Card : Build application related to improve vocabulary of its user ,not only in english but in other languages such as french , spanish or greek.

If you have any idea which you wanna share , please mention it in comment section.

Ansys Projects

2011-08-08T10:41:00.000-07:00

ANSYS Multiphysics/Structure mechanics module.This code is based on the Finite element method and is capable of performing static (stress) analysis, thermal analysis, modal analysis, frequency response analysis, transient simulation and also coupled field analysis.

Projects based on this topic is for Mechanical , Physics and Electronics engineering students. I am giving few ideas based on this software.Moreover , you can analyze any machine using this tool.

Project ideas :

Using ANSYS Workbench for Thermal Behavior of an Electrical Wire

Design, optimization and simulation on microelectromagnetic pump

Finite element analysis for the semi-solid state forming of aluminium alloy considering induction heating

Transient Thermal Analysis of a Pipe Support Bracket

Beam Bending

Axisymmetric Analysis of a Pressure Vessel

Related Presentation :

Stress Analysis using Ansys

Related PDF :

Creating and Resuming Projects

Related Video :

Related :

Mechanical Projects

renewable energy projects

2011-07-30T06:26:00.000-07:00

I got many emails regarding renewable energy project ideas. Even though, I had given lot of projects regarding solar , wind and wave energy in Mechanical engineering projects post , I still receives many queries regarding this.So, I have decided to write more about this topic in detail.

Due to scarcity of natural energy resources on earth engineers need to develop technology beyond them. They are working on it from last many years but by now global warming and oil prices are hot topic. There have been lot of big conferences around related to it. Many big companies took initiative and got some success too. Car Market has flooded with hybrid and electric cars. These cars not only sleek in design but has power which is no short of gasoline or petrol.One of the best example for these cars is Toyota Prius.

In my opinion to win against global warming and oil bills ,Government should adopt three way approach :

1. Start investing in research work related to renewable sources.

2. Improve efficiency of current machines.

3.Make people aware so they start saving energy as they save their money.

To implement two of the above three points , government would need engineers like you, so its better to build projects on renewable resources in your final year.I am giving you links having details about these projects :

Projects:

Solar Cooker

Solar Powered Mobile Charger

Solar Toy Car

Solar Powered Refrigerator

Solar Chimney

Beam Circuit Solar Engines

Solar Powered Path Finding vehicle

Solar Powered Generator

Solar Insect Robot

Air Conditioner

Wind Mill Power Generation System

Hydropower Projects

Generate Electricity from Dance Floor

Perpetual Motion Machine

Pedal powered refrigerator

Pedal operated power Generator

Power generation using wind turbine kites

Air Compressed Cars

Air Bike

Build Electric Two Wheeler Bike

Other Sites :

Using an Alternator in Renewable Energy Projects : An alternator differs from a dc motor in that it contains no permanent magnets. Instead, there are two concentric wound coils of wire.

Solar Electric System : Good blog has all the details regarding regarding this system.

Montana State University : This site discuss about some of the costliest projects. To work on these projects you will need private or government funds.

Solar Water Heating Installation project : Students of Stanford University has been working around campus area for implementing some useful solar and wind energy projects.

Windmill power generation system

Related Posts :
Solar Energy Projects
Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects

peristaltic pump project

2011-06-03T10:55:00.000-07:00

Useful Resources :

What is Peristaltic Pump ?
A peristaltic pump, or roller pump, is a type of positive displacement pump used for pumping a variety of fluids. The fluid is contained within a flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing (though linear peristaltic pumps have been made).This project ideas if for mechanical and physics students.

Making a Peristaltic Pump

How these pumps works?

Related PDF :

A two stage discrete peristaltic micro pump

Instructions

Related Presentation

P Pump Design

Related Video :

How it works ?

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Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects

Pedal powered refrigerator

2011-05-24T11:44:00.000-07:00

The purpose of the bicycle powered refrigerator is to allow someone to take a bike trip and keep their food or drink cold. This project can be used for poor neighborhood of Africa or Asia where electricity is still a distant thing . Moreover it can be extended to more useful device with the help of windmill or flowing water . If its pedals joined with the turbine revolving using wind or water, we can use this refrigerator as a automatic machine . This project idea is for student of mechanical , electrical and physics students.

Concept :

When we pump out gases from the water box in the refrigerator by paddling a bicycle , we creates low pressure area inside the box, due to this low pressure ,water starts evaporating, and for that evaporation it needs heat from the surrounding which is our refrigerator.In that way it cools our refrigerator.

Steam is generated in the process of evaporation which later been absorbed by Zeolite as shown in video . Absorption of steam is a property of zeolite that's why we use it in this experiment.

What are Zeolites ?

Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents.An example mineral formula is: Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O, the formula for natrolite.The major producers in 2010 were China, South Korea, Japan , Jordan , Turkey ,Slovakia and United States. The ready availability of zeolite-rich rock at low cost and the shortage of competing minerals and rocks are probably the most important factors for its large-scale use. You can purchase it from any mineral supplier in your city. Just google it with your city name.

Related articles :

Hazon webpage

Related PDF :

Human powered refrigerators

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Solar Projects
Physics Projects

car collision avoidance system

2011-05-17T10:13:00.000-07:00

A collision avoidance system is a system of sensors that is placed within a car to warn its driver of any dangers that may lie ahead on the road.Ford announces new radar based collision avoidance system.This project idea is for Mechanical , Electronics and Physics students.

Traffic alert CAS

Related PDF :

Airborne CAS
Decision making for CAS
Traffic alert and collision avoidance system
TCAS

Hydrogen powered vehicle

2011-05-03T21:53:00.000-07:00

Hydrogen Vehicles use energy produced by fuel cells. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electric energy. Electricity is generated from the reaction between a fuel supply and an oxidizing agent.This project idea is for mechanical and automobile engineering students.

How Fuel Cell Works ?

Hydrogen cars are not only the future, they are here, now.
Paper on Fuel Cell Cars
How Hydrogen Car Works ?
Basics of Fuel Cells

How to build it ?

Hydrogen fuel cell

Build Hydrogen Generator Cell With Household Items - Free videos are just a click away

Related PDF :
Electric and Hydrogen Powered Vehicles

Related Video :

Related Projects :
Mechanical Projects
Physics
Automobile Projects

RC Helicopter

2011-04-30T21:28:00.000-07:00

In the past I have discussed Project Ideas related to RC Planes and Cars, Yesterday I received a mail asking me about information related to RC Helicopters.These helicopters also known as Radio Controlled Helicopters.They are toys which can be controlled using remote control.Building them help us to understand the concepts of real helicopters and their flying.This project is for Mechanical , Aeronautical and Physics students.

These helicopters can be used for :

Spying Purposes (With Camera)
Fire Fighting ( Give us details of exact location of fire)
Traffic Details ( Fly up and record traffic information)
To spray pesticides in the field.(Chinese people using it)

Final Project RC Helicopter ( Complete Detail)

Helpful Links :

Helicopter Training

Related PDF :
Autonomous Auto rotation of an RC Helicopter

Related Video :

Related Projects :
Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects
Aeronautical Projects

Solar Powered Air Conditoner

2011-04-27T11:20:00.000-07:00

Air conditioners are both cause and solution of global warming, due to rise in temperature in recent years, it becomes necessary for each one of us to have air conditioner. It has become very important part of our life in recent years. The only problem is that it consumes great amount of electricity which results is more global warming.

One of the best solution of above problem is air conditioner which do not use electricity generated by pollution generating fuel, instead use something renewable and unconventional. One of the example for that is Solar Powered Air conditioner which takes its power from solar.Solar air conditioning refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that uses solar power.

This project is part of solar project ideas and can be used by students of Mechanical or Electronics engineering. Even students of Physics would find it interesting.If this project is implemented with Passive Solar Design , it would be more effective.

Helpful Links :

Solar Air Conditioning

Related PDF :

SAC
Solar Driven Absorption Air Conditioning Systems for the Caribbean
Liquid Dessicated Solar Air-Conditioner

Related Presentation(ppt):

Solar Desiccant Air Conditioning

How Solar Air Conditioning Works ?

Related Video :

Related Projects :
Solar Project Ideas
Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects

Electronic Valve Actuator

2011-04-24T04:03:00.000-07:00

An actuator is a mechanical device for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. It is operated by a source of energy, usually in the form of an electric current, hydraulic fluid pressure or pneumatic pressure, and converts that energy into some kind of motion.Actuators are used for the automation of industrial valves and can be found in all kinds of technical process plants: they are used in waste water treatment plants, power plants and even refineries.

This project idea is for Mechanical engineering students.University of Queensland report on Electronic valve actuator will guide you more about this project.

Explanation of above Diagram :

1.Motor

2.Limit and torque sensors

3.Gearing

4.Valve attachment

5.Manual operation

6.Actuator controls

7.Electrical connection

Related PDF :

Actuators
Valve Actuator

Related Company :

Rotork : Manufactures of all types of Actuator

Related Videos :

What Is a Valve Actuator? —powered by eHow.com

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects

Design of single phase induction motor drive

2011-04-21T04:16:00.000-07:00

An induction motor or asynchronous motor is a type of alternating current motor where power is supplied to the rotor by means of electromagnetic induction. When I was searching for this project, I found report of Wisconsin University students on Design consideration for single phase induction motor with complete details and analysis.

This project idea is for students of Electrical and Electronics engineering.I think this project is popular among ECE students.Moreover, I received mail regarding more information about this topic.University of Illinois students has worked on Low Cost Single Phase Powered Induction Machine Drive for Residential Applications to construct cost competitive with traditional single phase induction machine solutions while improving system performance.Other Student of UW-Madison Jianming Yao worked on Adjustable Speed Control Using DSP and Microcontroller.

Related Video:

Induction motor single phased

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Related Projects :

Electronics Project Ideas

Sun Tracker Project

2011-04-18T21:55:00.000-07:00

Solar energy is the most powerful resource that can be used to generate power. So far the efficiency of generating power of solar energy is relatively low. Thus, how to increase the efficiency of generating power of solar energy is very important.

According to Wiki A solar tracker is a generic term used to describe devices that orient various payloads toward the sun. Payloads can be photovoltaic panels, reflectors, lenses or other optical devices.It is used to minimize the angle of incidence between the incoming light and a photo voltaic panel. This increases the amount of energy produced from a fixed amount of installed power generating capacity.

This project idea is for students of Mechanical and Electronics engineering. Moreover , students of MIT have won prize for the same.Cleveland State University students has done project on sun tracker in 2008.

Related PDF :

Microprocessor based solar tracking system using stepper motor

Related Videos :
University of Berkley Solar Tracker Project

Download code of this project at Google Code

Related :

Solar Projects
Mechanical Projects

Fluid Mechanics Projects

2011-04-01T11:43:00.000-07:00

Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids and the forces on them. Fluids are liquids, gases, and plasmas. It influences everything from aircraft and car performance to blood flow and breathing.Most of fluid mechanics projects depend on formula v1p1/t1 = v2p2/t2, which states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional while temperature is inversely proportional to both . Wayne State university has one page dedicated to word files(downloadable) related to fluid mechanics.Most processes that converts energy from one form to another depends heavily on fluid mechanics

On the Website of Technical University of Denmark, they have discussed an assortment of projects connected to it. If some of you are interested in demonstration than you can visit Wolfram website Demonstrations.

Fluid mechanics projects attract sponsors too. This field is very pertinent for Automobile, Aircraft and Space research organizations. Moreover , list of IIT Madras sponsored projects proves my point.

Home Made Water Fountain

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Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Solar Energy Project Ideas
Hydropower Projects

wind energy projects

2011-03-29T07:55:00.000-07:00

Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale.Wind can play important part in our growing energy needs. many European countries as well as Asian countries such as India , started to invest heavily on windmills.

According to wiki total generation of power using windmill reached 175 GW which is around 2 % of total usage. Even though it is small quantity ,but countries like Denmark produce 20% of its electricity using windmill so its contribution would rise.

Now days, compressed air energy is very popular.When we compress air into the cylinder , it stores lot of potential energy in itself which can be converted later into kinetic energy.

Projects related to wind energy :

Wind pump : Read more about it on Mechanical Projects Post

Wind mill Power generation System

Compressed Air Car

Air Powered Bike

Pneumatic Projects

Pneumatic Transport System

Air Rocket

Vacuum and Power Brakes

DFIG

Jason Strandbeest

In the video given below there is example of windmill implementation in Western Texas :

Related :

Mechanical Projects
Solar Energy Project Ideas
Hydropower Projects

Theo Jasen Strandbeest Project

2011-03-28T09:14:00.000-07:00

This project is for all the science students.Its a must watch video.Do you know why? Because with this project we get inspiration.Moreover this video shows that with will power everything is possible .

Look at the video underneath, you will see a monster walking on its own. It is using breeze for its movement and it is made up of plastic. Can you imagine, it can walk nonstop for thousands of years because it will never die (plastic is non biodegradable).

Animaris Umerus walking - June '09 from Strandbeest on Vimeo.

Some of you may object that this project is not so significant, but if you think in a positive way, this technology can be used for walking robot or walking car. If you build this project, it will help you to understand wind energy and designing concepts.

Related Projects :

Mechanical Engineering Projects

Cogeneration Project

2011-03-26T05:47:00.000-07:00

Cogeneration (also combined heat and power, CHP) is the use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat. We all know that all power plants emit heat while producing electricity, this heat energy can be used for other purposes. Masnedø CHP power station in Denmark(Image shown below) uses the same concept.In my opinion it is a great project for Mechanical Engineering students.Its use is not only limited to big power plants, it can be used in other places too, good example of that is: implementation of cogeneration plant at Carnegie Mellon University.

At the time of global warming ,it is vital to improve efficiency of our power plants,this can be done easily using this method.University of Gaziantep journal about Performance assessment of co-generation plants proves my point.
Coopers' Brewery uses this system to reduce its carbon footprint to 50 percent and at the same time double there production.

How cogeneration works ?

Even though companies started to implement cogeneration in their plants , there is still lot to do in this field,for example there can be other ways to use this heat or how many other places this concept can be implemented.

Useful Resources :

Cogeneration for confectioners
MIT Cogeneration Project

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects
Automobile Engineering

Python Projects

2011-03-24T00:46:00.000-07:00

Projects given below use python as there primary language. You can download python from Python official website. It is very popular language; even your favorite search engine google uses this language as its front end.

Gourmet Recipe Manager is a recipe-organizer for GNOME that generates shopping lists and allows rapid searching of recipes. It imports mealmaster & mastercook files and exports webpages & other formats. Gourmet uses python, gtk and metakit.

PDF-Shuffler is a small python-gtk application, which helps the user to merge or split pdf documents and rotate, crop and rearrange their pages using an interactive and intuitive graphical interface. It is a frontend for python-pyPdf.

Spells and Stuff is a Python based web roleplaying system, that allows a DM(Dungeon Master) to create potentially unlimited graphical worlds and will allow multiple players to graphically explore them via a standard web browser.

Cartoon Grabber : The aim of this small project is to create a nice, gtk-based comis strip viewer. Written in python, will allow to keep track of your favourite comic strips and manage them (store on your disk, etc.)

Board Games : You can build program which allows user to play games like checker , Scrabble .

Auction Site : Where people can auction on products in a way similar to ebay.

Spelling Checker : Program which check spellings using the user written dictionary.

Student Information System : You can write application where student complete information can be store such as his attendance, marks , interests etc etc.

Advantage with Python :
It is very easy to learn and can be learned with the help of this online tutorial.

Related :

Final Year Computer Science Projects
Computer Engineering Project ideas
Java Project Ideas

Vacuum and Power Brakes

2011-03-23T07:51:00.000-07:00

Vacuum brake is a braking system employed on trains and introduced in the mid-1860s.This system use vacuum power to stop the train. It was quit popular in the past.Now days, it is replaced by compressed air brakes This project is good for the case study purpose.I am giving you some helpful links below :

How power brakes Works ?

How Vacuum brakes Works from African Railways ?

Brake System used in IR

Railway Technical

Electric car power brakes :

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects

Heat transfer Projects

2011-03-22T04:29:00.000-07:00

Introduction :

Heat transfer is a discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the transfer of thermal energy from one physical system to another.The transfer of heat is normally from a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.Many students confuse heat transfer with the temperature,professor of IIS Bangalore wrote wonderful article about basics of heat transfer. Heat transfer is a result of first law of thermodynamics which states that energy can not be created or destroyed, it transfers from one state to another.

This video will help you to understand this concept further :

Projects :

You can find students of Virginia projects at Virginia faculty page. We have already used this concept in many projects we have discussed before in this blog ex. Sterling engine project , which use transfer heat energy to mechanical energy for pushing piston.Although,it is very wide topic but I find two very interesting projects from Carnegie Melon University ,first is about Heat Transfer for Fluid Inside Pipes and second is about The Rate of Internal Heat Transfer of a Copper Coiled Pipe at Different Laminar Flows.

If you are interested in Thermodynamics Design , then you may find these project interesting :
Automotive Air-Conditioning System

Evaluate the efficiency and practicality of a heat pump system used in warm climates

Related :

Mechanical Projects

Pneumatic projects

2011-03-19T05:12:00.000-07:00

Pneumatics is a branch of engineering, which deals with the study and application of use of compressed or pressurized air to affect mechanical motion.This technology use energy produced by compressed air engines. Projects on Pneumatic are both productive and informational.

List of Projects :

Pneumatic Transport System

Air Cars

Air Bike

Vacuum cleaner

These vacuum cleaners are also know as air powered cleaners. They are powered by the air and their application is based on pneumatic concept.

Read More

Pneumatic operated robotic arm

As its name suggest, this robotic arm use compressed air pressure to move itself.

Automatic thread cutting machine

Tail Lift

Bending machine

Magnetic separator

Magnetic separation is a process in which magnetically susceptible material is extracted from a mixture using a magnetic force.For example in the case of iron ore, we separate iron from waste using magnetic separation.

Can Crusher

This machine is used for crushing cans. If you can build can crusher which use compressed air energy, it can be very useful project in real life too.

Metal Foil cutting Machine

Its name suggest what this machine does. This machine is used in almost all manufacturing industries and it consumes lot of electricity.In this project you will need to power it using pneumatic system.

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Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects

Air powered bike

2011-03-19T05:03:00.000-07:00

I get this idea from Planet Mechanics show of National Geographic Channel . I have embedded a clip of that show below. This project uses a similar concept as of air cars because both of them use compressed air as a fuel.

Concept :
In this project we compress gas into a cylinder. Compress air behaves like a spring,. more it get compressed, more force it generates. We can use this force for doing any mechanical work and most of the pneumatic projects use this concept.

How much it cost ?

It would not cost much if you have old bicycle and one cylinder in a scrap. All the other items such as engine (Which can be unrepairable motor pump ) , pipe , valve are cheap and easily available in market.

How its work ?

Its upon you , how you want to use compressed air energy , but I suggest you to use old piston method which was used in steam engines, only difference is, here we use compressed air to push the piston downwards as shown in Video :

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects
Physics Projects
Automobile Projects

mini homemade wood lathe machine

2011-03-16T22:09:00.000-07:00

A lathe is a machine tool which rotates the workpiece on its axis to perform various operations.
The wood lathe helps us to become creative.It can be used for a wide variety of very precise

operations that allow you to turn almost any thing from a table leg, a chair leg, to a railing post, light
post or even a candle sconce. This machine allows you to hand cut the most amazing things out of
plain stock.

Materials Required :

1.Sewing Machine Motor
2.9/32 Socket
3.Epoxy
4.Hammer
5.Wood
6.Screw and Screw Driver
7.Drilling Machine.

How to build it?

Basic Wood Lathe - Cutting Beads and Coves

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects

Compressed Air Cars

2011-03-16T01:22:00.000-07:00

According to Blacksmith Institute Toxic pollution poses health risks to over 100 million people. Moreover with the rising fuel prices there is potential demand for alternative fuel vehicles.Keeping that in consideration french motor company MDI started to build air cars.Even though it is a new concept and there is space for large amount of experiments in this field, Companies started production of cars based on this concept as shown by Sun dial list of 2010 air cars.

As it is still emerging technology, I think this is good project for mechanical students.

Compressed Air Car is car which uses compressed air as its fuel. It uses a concept of steam engine, the only difference is , at the place of steam it uses air.

How stuff works website can help you to understand air fuel car concept :
How the Air Cars Works ?

Compressed Air animation :

What is compressed Air ?

Compressed air is air which is kept under a certain pressure, usually greater than that of the atmosphere.

How to compress Air ?

To compress air, we use air compressors. These compressors take air from atmosphere and store it into cylinder. When the amount of air increase in cylinder , pressure of air started to rise.

Students of various universities has started to work on this technology, few of there reports in pdf format are given below :
Northeastern university Compressed Air engine : The EOS

American International University : Use Air as Fuel

Related Videos :

Wooden Air Engine :

Related Projects :

Mechanical Projects

School Websites

2011-03-15T00:44:00.000-07:00

This project is for students of Computer Science, Information Technology and MCA. It will help you to get understanding of real world requirements and implementations.In this post we will take hypothetical example "iproject ideas school" and discuss how to code it. After understanding basics you can build any website related to schools.

Start with Requirement Analysis :

5 dynamic web pages which can be updated by school staff on regular bases.These 5 pages are home,news, contact us, feed back and login page.

Dig deeper into requirements :

1. Home page : Welcome page for visitors : some basic information about school.

2. News page : This page will publish news about new happenings in school.

3.Contact Us : School address and phone numbers

4. Feedback : It will have form to get feedback from users

5 Login Page : This page will be used by teachers to login.

Back End (Databases)

Database Name : iprojectschool
Pages_Detail : Page_id of type int , Page_Name of type varchar(50) and Page_data of type text
Login : User_id of type int , Username of type varchar(50) and Password is of type varchar(50)

I think above requirements are sufficient to build basic and easy to understand website , if you want you can scale it up.

Coding Part :

We are going to use PHP and Mysql.I am coding in PHP but logic is same for all other languages.

Software Requirements :
You will need : PHPMyadmin , Apache Server ( Learn how to install php ).

Before writing any code, it is important to know that, what we are going to do?

We will design admin page to display and update our database tables.(For this example , we will use phpmyadmin)

We will design home page of school.

That's it.some of you argue that what about the other pages? Our home page will handle all that stuff. I will explain you how?

Step 1. First of all, create database using phpmyadmin. If you don't know how? click here to learn.

Step 2. Insert some data for our pages with the help of phpmyadmin.

Step3. Then create directory of iprojectschool in our root folder such as htdocs

Step4. Create new file home using notepad and save it with php extension. Now open it with notepad and paste database connection strings into it.

Step5. Type the given code into your file.

Step 6. Create login with the help of this site.

Step 7. Create feedback form

Most of the things that has been covered in this tutorial are for education purposes and not for commercial use,still if you need any help. leave comment. Purpose of this post is not to spoon feed you but make you think. You can't complain that there is no css associated with it or I have not discussed security with you, I left them intentionally for you.

I hope it helped.

Spam filter for Search Engines

2011-03-13T09:40:00.000-07:00

Search engine spam filtering

How many web pages do you find valuable?

Even though more than 14 billion web pages indexed on the web according to worldwidewebsize, you can’t even name 1 million useful pages.

Why these other pages are for?

Most of the pages are spams.We all know about the spam’s we receive on emails , even bill gates received lot of spams.At present I am talking about search result spam which is much larger problem than email spamming. Last Night, I was watching discussion of Matt Cutts (Google), Harry Shum(Bing) and Rich Skrenta (Blekko).Even though they have differences , majority of their discussion was focused on improving search results. Moreover about the challenges they are facing of Spam websites and Irrelevant Search Results.

What we can do?

I thought it is important for me to discuss this problem with computer engineering graduates on this blog. If you can build good spam filter for search engines, than it would be great help for millions of users. In this article I will talk about reasons of spam, what big companies are doing ?And, last but not least how can you develop spam filter algorithm.

What these spam websites are and why they are polluting our web?

Spam Websites are sites having content which is not relevant for end user.They are polluting our web for MONEY.

For better perceptive, you need to understand commercial side of it. Most of the genuine website owners make money by referrals systems or advertisements published on their website. Moreover, the amount of money they generate is directly proportional to the number of visitors they have. Large chunk of visitors come from search engines.

To earn quick money spam website publisher build their site according to search engines and not for the end users. After optimization, site starts receiving traffic, this doesn’t look that bad but when visitor doesn’t find relevant content on this site, it frustrate him and he thinks that this particular search engine is not relevant or query doesn’t have significant results available on internet. Worst part of it is that end users are us.

Is it possible to optimize website without having content?

Yes, it is difficult but possible. I give you example of 1995 when Google page rank algorithm was not there. Anyone could optimize his site with domain name of query and repeating strings.
Example: To optimize site for “xyz” query in 90’s spam website owner buy domain name xyz dot com. And repeat xyz query many times. When someone searches that person got that site as first result.

What big companies are doing?

Google search engine tweaks its algo’s in big way to filter these sites, but with them spammers become smarter too. They are now targeting Google page rank algorithm. Even though search engines like Blekko are developing algorithms such as Adspam for blocking sites with spam ,it still needs lot of improvement.

What are the common things in Spam sites?

Common things in spam sites are:

They all have some type of advertisement or referral associated with them.
They do not have more than 20 pages of original content.
There domain names are really big.
They give links of many irrelevant websites (Sometime more than 20).
Sometime there font color and back ground color is same.
Send content with URL links.

How to develop search engine spam filtering System?

As mentioned above if we can recognize spams, we can easily filter them:
Now to filter most of the spam’s, find out sites which has all the above points such as advertisement or referral, not more than 20 pages of content, its domain name is big, irrelevant website links or font color and background color is same than on experience I can say that 99 percent of time this website is not there to help user but to misguide him for money.

So our spam filtering algorithm should do following tests:

Count number of words in URL (Use fopen and count function)

Most of the big and useful site have domain name such as Google, Amazon, Bing, Wikipedia or iProject Ideas. While genuine site owners want visitors to remember their website name, spam sites depends on search engines.
So check whether domain name is more than 20 words or not(use if else loop )

Check number of links in that page having “get” method associate with them.(Use regular expression )

The difference between simple URL and get method URL is: simple url will look like www . xyz . com/ and get method URL is like www . xyz .com?abc=4

I am giving much emphasis on counting URL‘s with get methods because referral to other site doesn’t always require us to send any data with URL. For e.g. if I give url of Wikipedia, I don’t need to send get data with it.

Check font and background color

If font color and background color is same, this clearly signifies that owner of this site has something to hide from user but want search engine to read it.

Check whether given links of relevant websites

You can check there quality by applying above steps on these sites.

In the above paragraphs I try to provide you help regarding spam filters. I hope it helped. If you have any query regarding this project, you can leave comment.

Related PDF:
Filtering spam using search engines

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Computer Science Projects
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Anti Collision System

2011-03-11T18:40:00.000-08:00

What is Precrash System ?

Automatic Driving and Collision warning demo

Related PDF :

GPS Based Anti Collision Mechanism

RFID Anti-Collision System Using the Spread Spectrum Technique

Implementation of an Anti-Collision Differential-Offset Spread Spectrum RFID System

Anti Collision Protocol

Driver Warning System

Vehicle Traffic Simulator

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Fuzzy logic in aircraft stability

2011-03-10T19:58:00.000-08:00

Helpful Links :

What is Fuzzy Logic ?
Aircraft Stability and Control
Fuzzy learning for Aircraft Control

Related PDF :

Fuzzy Logic Based Approach to design of Flight Control
Fuzzy logic control of model Airplane
Aircraft Stability
Integrated Control for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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Lecture Notes

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Robotics projects for engineering Students

Steering System

2011-03-10T03:25:00.000-08:00

Helpful Links :

Steering details

How Car steering works ?

Related PDF :

Steering System

Hydrostatic Steering System

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Mechanical Projects
CAD Project Ideas

Fire Fighting Robot

2011-03-08T19:43:00.000-08:00

Helpful Links :

Project from Illinois University

Fire Fighting with MAR

Summary of this project

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Firefighting Robot Oklahoma University

Pokey : A Logical Design Using Digital and Analog Circuitry

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FFR Design

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Hospital Information System

2011-03-08T05:23:00.000-08:00

What is Hospital Information System ?

Related PDF :

HealthCare

When and How to evaluate HIS ?

Open Source Projects with Source Code :

HOSxP is client/server hospital information system serving in 300+ hospitals in Thailand. HOSxP has many modules which keep and processing data of Patient / Operation / Medication / Laboratory / Radiology / Financial
Programming Language : Delphi/Kylix
Database : Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL (pgsql)

Hospital OS is a hospital information system for small-sized hospitals (100 beds or less, 200 out-patients per day or less).
Programming Language : Java
Database : JDBC, PostgreSQL (pgsql)
User Interface: Java Swing

HMS is Hospital Inventory system manages patient info, staff info, stores and medicines, billing and report generation. This complex application communicates with a back-end database server and manages all information related to Hospital logistics.
Programming Language : Visual Basic
Database : Microsoft SQL Server

Open Hospital - Hospital Information System for Angal - Uganda. Patient management, pharmacy.
Programming Language : Java
Database : Mysql
User Interface: Java Swing

Medical is an highly scalable Health and Hospital Information System (HIS) for Open ERP.
Programming Language : Python
Database : PostgreSQL (pgsql)
User Interface: GTK+, Web-based, X Window System (X11).

Integrated Hospital Information System PHP,My SQL and PostgreSQL. Surgery, Nursing,Outpatient,Wards,Labs, Pharmacy, Security,Admission,Schedulers, Repair, Communication and more.

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Cleaning Robots

2011-03-06T19:40:00.000-08:00

Details to be acquainted with:

What is Robot ?

Vacuum Cleaner Robots

How to build Your own Robot Vacuum Cleaner?

Society of Robots

Cornell University Final Project

Video:

Related PDF :

Robot Builder Guide

Vacuum cleaning Robots

Window Washing Robots

Robot and Sensor Networks for mapping and navigation

Related Presentation :

Manure cleaner Robots

Related Video :

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Electronics Engineering Project Ideas
Robotic Projects

Cell Phone Home Controller

2011-03-05T20:06:00.000-08:00

What is Home Automation ?

Home made dorm room automation system

Related Docs :

HACS
Cell Phone Based Remote Home Control System

Related PDF :

Hardware Description

Related PPT :

Home Appliance Control System Presentation

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Electronics Engineering Project Ideas

Wireless sensor networks

2011-03-04T10:15:00.000-08:00

What wiki says about wireless sensors?

Mobicom Tutorial on this topic

Architecture of Sensor Networks

Related PDF :

University of Texas WSN Chapter

Principles and Applications

System Architecture for Wireless sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network Security

Presentation :

WSN

Related Video :
Future of Wireless Networks

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Electronics Projects

Superconducting magnetic energy storage

2011-03-03T10:08:00.001-08:00

Superconducting magnetic energy storage

Know more about SMES

Related PDF :

Improved dynamic system performance
Efficiency of a Gas Turbine Powered High Speed Rail Locomotive

Related Presentation :

Energy Storage Systems For Advanced Power Applications

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Electronics Project Ideas

Wireless power delivery

2011-03-03T09:53:00.000-08:00

Towards more efficient wireless power delivery

What wiki says about Wireless Power

How wireless power works ?

Related PDF :

Optimal Frequency for Wireless Power Transmission into Dispersive Tissue

Wireless information and power transfer

Remote Power Delivery and signal amplification for MEMS Application

Related Video :

Wireless Charging

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Electronics Project Ideas

Solar refrigeration system

2011-03-02T22:52:00.000-08:00

An absorption refrigerator is a refrigerator that uses a heat source (e.g., solar, kerosene-fueled flame) to provide the energy needed to drive the cooling system. Absorption refrigerators are a popular alternative to regular compressor refrigerators where electricity is unreliable, costly, or unavailable, where noise from the compressor is problematic, or where surplus heat is available (e.g., from turbine exhausts or industrial processes).

Useful Links :

Solar Powered Refrigerator

Absorption Refrigerators

How Refrigerator Works ?

Presentation of some refrigerators

Principle of Absorption Cycle

How to build it ?

Cost and other details of this project

Related PDF :

Thermodynamic Simulation of a solar absorption refrigeration System

Thermodynamic design procedure for solid adsorption solar refrigerator

Adsorption refrigeration - An efficient way to make good use of waste heat and solar energy

Solar Energy Refrigeration by Liquid-Solid Adsorption Technique

An Advanced Solar-Powered Rotary Solid Adsorption Refrigerator with High Performance

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Animation :

Solar Chilling and Cooling

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Solar Project Ideas
Mechanical Projects

Plasma Arc Welding

2011-03-01T20:23:00.000-08:00

Helpful Links :

What is Plasma Arc Welding?

Plasma Arc Welding Process.

PA Welding advantages

Variable Polarity Plasma Arc Welding

Three-dimensional modeling of the plasma arc in arc welding

How Plasma Arc cutting Works ?

Related PDF :

Observations

Adaptive Interval Model Control of Arc Welding Process

Related Presentation (ppt) :

Plasma

Related Video :

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Mechanical Engineering Projects

Control electrical appliances using pc

2011-03-01T06:06:00.000-08:00

Download Source code from code project

Circuit Diagram of this project

Related Docs :

Synopsis

Related PDF :

A System for Smart-Home Control of Appliances Based on Timer and Speech Interaction

Internet Home Control

Related Video :

Note: This Video is in Hindi language

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Mobile control electrical appliances

Electronic fuel injection

2011-02-28T10:56:00.000-08:00

What is EFI ?

How electronic fuel injection works ?

The 22R-TE engine

Super Millage Team

Related PDF :

EFI Overfiew

Related Presentation :

Electronic fuel injection
Sensors used in EFI
Basic EFI

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Mechanical Projects
Automobile Engineering

Adaptive braking system (ABS)

2011-02-27T21:47:00.000-08:00

Details :

What is Anti Lock Braking Systems ?

How ABS Works ?

More About Antilock Braking System

Related PDF :
Adaptive braking System (ABS)
Adaptive Control Braking System using Labview
ABS braking system effectiveness

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Wall Climbing Robots

2011-02-26T23:27:00.000-08:00

Wall climbing has been done by lot of animals such as lizard, chameleon etc. Now days, robotics engineers started to develop robots which can climb walls. These robots can be used in firefighting, spying or for capturing videos.

In this post I am giving you all the details necessary to develop these robots, still if you feel I have missed something don't hesitate to comment.

Helpful Links :

Nanorobotics laboratory Robots

Microcontroller for Wall Climbing Robot

Tenzing :Rock Climbing

Related PDF :

Robots that climb walls

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Mechanical Projects
Robotics Projects

Solar Insect Robots

2011-02-26T22:46:00.000-08:00

You can build a insect robot powered by solar as your project. It will help you to understand the concepts of both Robotics and Solar power.

What is Hexapod(robotics) ?

Related PDF :

Construction of Hexapod Robot

Design of a biologically inspired climbing hexapod robot

A Small simple Hexapod Robot

Why Insect Robots ?

Helpful Video :

Purchase your instruction book from here :
Absolute Beginner's Guide to Building Robots

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Microcontroller projects

2011-02-26T10:10:00.000-08:00

What is Micro-controller ?

Useful Links :

Build your own Micro controller Projects such as

G5-Data Logger
PIC 3rd Harmonic meter
MTK51 8051 MCU Trainer Kit
Solar Recorder
New PIC Project Board
89S52 Project Board
MCS-51 Propeller LED

Cornell University Final year projects
Water Level Sensor
Automatic lighting and Visitor counter (pdf)
Robots and Micro controller
8051 microcontroller FAQ
Microcontroller for wall climbing robot
An Internet Interface for Embedded Systems
Building a Lego mind storms robot

Related PPT :

Examples of these projects

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Programming a PAC MC(pdf)
Microprocessor based solar tracking system using stepper motor

Related Docs:

Micro controller used in bottle filling plant(4.2 MB)

Useful Videos :

How to measure an Analog Distance Sensor

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Solar Powered Path Finding vehicle

2011-02-26T05:31:00.000-08:00

To build this project you need to understand two concepts :

1. How solar can power Vehicle ?

2.How to implement path finding in your vehicle?

I will try to give you answer of both the above questions. Path finding technologies has been developing for robots from a long time back.So to understand its algorithms , I am giving you links of robotics path finding mechanism.

Details to understand this Project :

What is Path Finding ?

Get Details about Solar Vehicle

How Solar Panels Power a car?

Useful Material :

Presentations of Solar-Powered Endurance Vehicle Project

Vehicle path-planning in three dimensions using optics analogs

How to build your own ?

Cheap easy Solar Powered Robot

Solar Powered 10 mg Silicon Robot(pdf)

Autonomous Path finding(pdf)

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Build Electric Two Wheeler Bike

2011-02-21T09:05:00.000-08:00

What is Battery Electric Vehicle ?

Electric Vehicle Conversion

How to Build your own Electric Bike ?

Eric Peltzer's Electric Bike Project

Build 72V electric motorcycle

Build yourself an electric bike

Related PDF :

Electric Bikes

Related Video:

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Mechanical Engineering Projects

Build your own Sprayer

2011-02-21T08:52:00.000-08:00

How to build cost effective skid sprayer ?

Related Video:

Herbicide Sprayer

Home made boom sprayer

Wind Mill Power Generation System

2011-02-21T08:39:00.000-08:00

What is Wind Power ?

How to build it ?

Most of the information regarding Wind Power Generators are available at :

How I home-built an electricity producing Wind turbine ?
PVC pipe windmill Material Needed (pdf)
Build windmill using basic PVC pipe(pdf)
Build it Solar

Related PDF :

Hybrid Wind Solar Wind Power generation

Related Video :

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Mechanical Projects
Windmill kites

Water Turbine Power generation System

2011-02-21T08:22:00.000-08:00

Related Links :

What is Hydroelectricity?

Micro Hydroelectric Power

Micro Hydro Pros and Cons

Micro Hydro Systems

How to build it?

These links provide all the materials and information required to build your own water turbine :
Builditsolar.
Electricity Generation

Helpful link for Seminars :

Sustainable energy for future

Related Video:

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Mechanical Projects

Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

2011-02-20T18:38:00.000-08:00

Details of Solid Oxide fuel cell

Related PDF :
SECA Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Program

Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon-derived fuels
Development of chemical sensors for PEM and SOFC Systems

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Voice Identification System

2011-02-19T20:39:00.000-08:00

Important Definitions :

Details of Speech Recognition

Radio frequency Identification

Automatic voice Identification

Open Source Software :

CMU Sphinx Speech Recognition toolkit
Modular Audio Recognition Framework

More Information :

List of Voice Identification Soft wares

Related Video:

Compact thermal management System

2011-02-18T19:19:00.000-08:00

What is Thermal Management System ?

Related PDF :

Battery Thermal Management System Design Modelling

Dynamic Thermal Management for Distributed Systems

Nonlinear Controller for Automotive Thermal Management Systems

Related Video :

Projects of Northeastern University gordon leadership participants

2011-02-17T20:51:00.000-08:00

Autonomous Robotic Manipulation of an Explosive Hazard Detection Sensor Array Onboard the US Army's Autonomous Mine Detection System (AMDS)

Cooperative Control Model

Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Application

EnerNOC Building Rating System

Mobile Technology Enablers for Unattended Ground Sensor Systems

Trajectory Based Algorithms for a Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Image Guided Biopsy System

Compact Thermal Management System

Miniaturized Data Link Antenna & Interface for Small Diameter Airframe

Sound Identification System

Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (DCFC) System Design

Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

High Efficiency Renewable Energy System

Advanced Radar Search Simulation Tool

Theoretical Model of a Low Flow Desiccant HVAC System

Development of a Signal Processing System for the Detection of Seal Failure

Analysis and Optimization of Computational Modeling Techniques for Millimeter-Wave Whole Body Imaging Applications

Mail Client Projects

2011-02-16T19:15:00.000-08:00

Mail client is very important application for users who want there mails directly into there computer. Outlook is one of the most popular mail client example.I am giving you few other open source mail clients which can help you to understand basic working of these clients.

YPOPs! is an application which emulates a POP3/SMTP mail server and provides free POP3 and SMTP access to Yahoo! Mail. It does not depend on Yahoo's POP3/SMTP mail server. You can use a mail client of your choice!

DavMail is a POP/IMAP/SMTP/Caldav/Carddav/LDAP gateway allowing users to use any mail client with Exchange, even from the internet through Outlook Web Access on any platform, tested on MacOSX, Linux and Windows.

Claws Mail is a GTK+ based, lightweight, and fast e-mail client and newsreader. Supports various format such as POP3, IMAP,SMTP etc. , having multiple accounts, spell-checking, address book, SSL, GPG, filtering, i18n, and more. It is further extended by plug-ins

Jack Mail Client: developed in Java This is a simple mail client uses any mail server with a minimal configuration you will have a robust email client.

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Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)

2011-02-15T20:29:00.000-08:00

Standard Hydrogen Electrode consists of a platinum wire sealed into a glass tube and carrying a platinum foil at one end. The platinum foil is coated with finely divided platinum. The electrode is place in beaker containing an aqueous solution of some acid having one molar concentration of H+ions. Hydrogen gas at 1 bar pressure is continuously bubbled through the solution at a temperature of 298K. the oxidation or reduction in the SHE takes place at platinum foil. Hence, it can act as anode as well as cathode and may be represented as :

Pt, 1/2 H₂ (1 bar)/ H⁺ (1M) or

H⁺ (1M) 1/2 H₂(1 bar), Pt respectively.

If SHE acts as anode then oxidation will take place at it as

H₂(g) --> H⁺ (aq) + 2e^-

If SHE acts as cathode then reduction will take place at it as

2H⁺ (aq) + 2e^->H₂ (g)

The electrode potentials of other electrodes are determined by coupling them with SHE.The electrode potential of an electrode determined relative to the standard hydrogen electrode under standard conditions is called standard electrode potential. It is represented as E-. The standard conditions are 1M concentration of ions at 298K temperature and 1 bar pressure.

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EMF of the cell

2011-02-15T00:28:00.000-08:00

The electrochemical cell consists of two half cells. The electrodes in these half cells have different electrode potentials. When the circuit is completed the loss of electrons occurs at the electrode having lower potential whereas the gain of electrons occurs at the electrode having lower reduction potential where as gain of electrons occurs at the electrode with higher reduction potential. The difference is the electrode potentials of thw two electrodes of the cell is termed as electromotive force (abbreviated as EMF) or cell voltage( Ecell). Mathematically, it can be expressed as

EMF = Ered ( Cathode) - Ered ( Anode) or simply as EMF = Ecathode - Eanode

Since in the representation of a cell, the cathode is written on right hand side and the anode on left hand side, therefore, EMF of a cell is also sometimes written as EMF = ERight - ELeft = ER- EL

EMF of the cell may be defined as the potential difference between the two terminals of the cell when either no or very little current is drawn from it. It is measured with the help of potentiometer or vacuum tube voltmeter.

Related Video :

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10th grade chemistry projects

Galvanic Cells

2011-02-10T19:52:00.000-08:00

The device in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy is called galvanic cell or electrochemical cell or voltaic cell. In a galvanic cell, a redox reaction is carried out in an indirect manner and the decrease in free energy during the chemical process appears as electrical energy. An indirect redox reaction is such that reduction and oxidation process are carried out in separate vessels. In order to understand this phenomenon, let us consider the Zn-CuS04 reaction as the basis of the cell reaction.

In its simple form, a zinc strip is dipped in the ZnSO4 solution and a copper strip is dipped in the CuSO4 solution taken in separate beakers. The two metallic strips which act as electrodes are connected by the conducting wires through a voltmeter. The two solutions are joined by an inverted U-tube known as salt bridge. The U-tube is filled with the solution of some electrolyte such as KCL, KNO3 or NH4CL to which gelatin or agar-agar has been added to convert it into semi solid paste. A schematic diagram of this cell has been shown.

The deflection in voltmeter indicates that there is a potential difference between the two electrodes. It has been found that the conventional current flows through the outer circuit from copper to zinc strip. It implies that the electrons flow occurs from zinc to copper strip.

Let us know understand working of the cell.

1. Zinc undergoes oxidation to form zinc Ions
Zn²⁺ + 2 e− Zn: E⁰ = −0.76 V (Oxidation)

2. The electrons liberated during oxidation are pushed through the connecting wires to copper strip.

3. Copper ions move towards copper strip, puck up the electrons, and get reduced to copper atoms which are deposited at the copper strip.
Cu²⁺ + 2 e− Cu: E⁰ = +0.34 V (Reduction)

Thus the overall reaction is:

Cu²⁺ + Zn Cu + Zn²⁺

The electrode at which oxidation occurs is anode and that at which reduction occurs is cathode. In the above cell , zinc strip is anode and the copper strip is cathode.Thus in the electrochemical reaction, anode electrode acts as negative terminal and cathode electrode acts as positive terminal.

More :

Salt Bride and its functions

Details of Galvanic Cells

Galvanic Cells Game

Related Video :

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10th Grade Chemistry Projects

Redox Reactions

2011-02-02T20:46:00.000-08:00

What is Redox reaction ?

Chemical reaction involving oxidation and reduction processes are called redox reaction. Oxidation may be defined as the process in which a species(atom,molecule or ion) increases oxidation number by losing one or more of electrons. The substance undergoing oxidation is called reducing agent. Reduction, on the other hand, is a process in which a species(atom, molecule or ion) decreases oxidation number by gaining one or more electrons. The species undergoing reduction is called oxidising agent. Neither oxidation nor reduction can take place alone. These are complementary process and occur side by side. Redox reaction can, thus , be termed as the chemical reaction involving transference of electrons from reducing agent to oxidising agent.

Some examples of redox reactions are as follows :

1. Zn(s) power 0 + Cu(aq) power 2+ -------> zn 2+ power (aq) + Cu(s) power 0

2. I2(s) power 0 + 10HNO3 (l) power +5------> 2HIO3 Power (+5) + 10NO2 Power (+4) + 4H20

Related Video :

Related study material:

Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
Simple Redox Reaction